Translate is the  action and effect of translating  (expressing in one  language  something that has been previously expressed or that is written in a different language). The term can refer both to the interpretation given to a  text  or  speech  and to the material work of the translator. This concept has its etymological origin in Latin.

Specifically, we can determine that it comes from the word  tradition , which can be defined as the action of guiding from one place to another. And it is made up of three different parts: the prefix  trans -, which is synonymous with  “from one side to the other” ; the verb  ducere , which means  “to guide” ; and the suffix – cion , which is equivalent to  “action” .

For example:  “The Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges made translations of works by Edgar Allan Poe, Walt Whitman, George Bernard Shaw and other great authors” ,  “The translation of this film is very bad” ,  “The speaker speaks too fast, I think that the translate is not including all its concepts . ”

Types of translate

The types of translate are various. Direct translation is   carried out from a foreign language to the language of the translator (such as the case of Borges translating a text by Poe). Reverse translation ,  on the other hand, takes the form of the translator’s language into a foreign language.

However, we cannot ignore that there is another classification of translation. In this case, within it we find categories such as  judicial translation , which is that which takes place in front of a court.

On the other hand, there is  literary translation  which, as its name indicates, is the one whose object is literary works of various kinds, be they stories, poems, theater or novels. All of this without forgetting what is known as  informative translation,  which is responsible for doing the same with all types of texts and documents that aim to make known a matter in question. Nor to the so-called  scientific-technical translation which is what, as its name indicates, refers to texts referring to science, technology, the medical field or engineering, among other fields.

El inglés es una lengua germánica originada de las lenguas anglofrisias traídos a Britania por los invasores romanos. Inicialmente, el inglés antiguo era un grupo de varios dialectos, que reflejaba el variado origen de los reinos anglosajones de Inglaterra. Uno de estos dialectos, el late west saxon (sajón occidental tardío), en cierto momento llegó a dominar.

La lengua inglesa antigua original fue luego influenciada por dos oleadas invasoras: la primera fue de hablantes de la rama escandinava de las lenguas germánicas, que conquistaron y colonizaron partes de Britania, la segunda fue de los Normandos en el siglo xi, que hablaban antiguo normando y desarrollaron una variedad del inglés denominada como anglonormando. Estas dos invasiones hicieron que el inglés se mezclara hasta cierto punto.

Cohabitation with the  Scandinavians , who would have spoken dialects of  Old Norse , led to a significant grammatical simplification and lexical enrichment of the Anglo-Frisian core of English; The subsequent  Norman occupation  led to the grafting of a layer of more elaborate words from the  Romance languages  ​​(derived from  Latin ). This Norman influence on English penetrated through the courts and the government. With the arrival of the Renaissance, Latin and classical Greek supplanted Norman French as the main source of new words.

Stages of English

The languages ​​of the Germanic tribes originated the English language in 1512 BC. C. (Angles, Saxons, Frisians, Jutes and perhaps also the Franks, who traded and fought with the Roman Empire during the long period of westward expansion of the Germanic peoples). Many Latin words, used for common objects, entered the lexicon of these Germans before they arrived in Britain; for example  camp, cheese, cook, fork, inch, kettle, kitchen, linen, mile, mill, mint (coin), noon, pillow, hellow (hello), pound, punt (boat), street  and  wall .

The Romans also gave English words that they themselves had taken from other languages: anchor ,  butter ,  chest ,  dish ,  sack  and  wine .

The minor source for knowing the culture of the Germanic peoples is the work  Germania  by the Roman historian  Tacitus . Some Germanic troops such as the coastal Saxons under Rome served in Britain and it seems fairly certain that German settlement in Britain did not intensify until the arrival of the fifth century mercenaries described by  Gildas .

According to the  Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , around the year  449 , the king of the Bretons invited the coalition of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes to help him against the Picts. Upon returning from the war, the Angles would have received lands in the south of England and subsequently the heptarchy (seven kingdoms) would be established, although currently these theories are considered legendary and it is not accepted to identify the tribes with the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. especially since the Anglo-Saxon language is more similar to Frisian than the others.

Where is Gujarati spoken?

Its origin

Gujarati belongs to the  Indic language family  and, in turn, the Indo-European languages. It receives its name from the Indian state where it is an official language: the state of Gujarat; and its alphabet comes from Devanagari.

The first manuscripts in Gujarati date back to 1592 and the first printed appearances to 1700. At the end of the 19th century, modern literature began to be appreciated and with the writings of Mahatma Gandhi the language spread considerably.

Where was speak…

In addition to being spoken in India (mainly in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh), it is also spoken in Bangladesh, Fiji, Kenya, Malawi, Oman, Pakistan, Reunion, Singapore, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, United Kingdom United States, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

Some features

• Its way of writing: it is a syllabary, where all consonants carry an inherent vowel.

• Vowels can be written as independent letters, or they can also accompany a consonant, using a diacritic, which can go before, behind, above or below said consonant.

• It is written from left to right.

• The tonic accent is barely perceived.

• There are three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter; and are identified by the endings. The ending in -o is masculine, in -a is feminine and in –u is neuter. There are some exceptions to this rule: professions, nationalities, etc. which have a masculine form and end in -i.

• The order in a sentence is subject, object and verb.

As we usually emphasize in all languages, the fact that a person is a speaker of one or more languages ​​does not necessarily make them a translator into that specific language. Many languages ​​are spoken in India, and that does not mean that a Hindu can understand them all.

Each language requires a professional who knows how to transmit the message correctly to the culture for which he or she is translating.

If you need any questions about this language or any other Indo-European language, do not hesitate to contact us at  Translation Services .

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